{
  "title": "RCI 3D LiDAR Range-Condition Audit",
  "version": "0.1.0",
  "schemaVersion": 1,
  "released": "2026-08-10",
  "catalogVersion": "0.4.2",
  "canonical": "https://robotcomponentindex.com/research/3d-lidar-range-claims-audit/",
  "methodology": "https://robotcomponentindex.com/methodology/",
  "rightsNotice": "RCI provides the original selection, normalization, condition mapping, contrasts and editorial boundaries. Linked manufacturer documents and product marks retain their respective rights. Verify every value against the linked source before design, safety or procurement use.",
  "recordCount": 9,
  "observationCount": 21,
  "recordsWithExplicitAmbientLight": 5,
  "recordsWithExplicitDetectionCriterion": 3,
  "recordsWithWithinModelContrast": 4,
  "records": [
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-mid-360",
      "componentId": "cmp-livox-mid-360",
      "componentSlug": "livox-mid-360",
      "manufacturer": "Livox",
      "model": "MID-360",
      "hardwareBoundary": "MID-360; first-return range table",
      "rangeSummary": "40 m @ 10%; 70 m @ 80% — both at 100 klx",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "mid360-10-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 40,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table",
          "configuration": "First-return specification"
        },
        {
          "id": "mid360-80-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 70,
          "reflectivityPercent": 80,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table",
          "configuration": "First-return specification"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "The 0.1 m close-proximity boundary does not establish full accuracy from 0.1 to 0.2 m.",
      "withinModelContrast": "1.75× at 100 klx (80% target distance divided by 10% target distance)",
      "editorialLimit": "Effective range varies across the vertical field of view; the two distances are not a universal obstacle-detection guarantee.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Livox MID-360 specifications",
        "url": "https://www.livoxtech.com/mid-360/specs",
        "location": "Basic Specs and numbered notes"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-ouster-os1-rev8",
      "componentId": "cmp-ouster-os1",
      "componentSlug": "ouster-os1",
      "manufacturer": "Ouster",
      "model": "OS1 Rev8",
      "hardwareBoundary": "Rev8 OS1-080-xxx; excludes OS1 Max and Rev7",
      "rangeSummary": "90 m at a 10% target; ~250 m maximum representable range is a separate boundary",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "os1-rev8-10",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 90,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": null,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the overview value",
          "configuration": "Rev8 OS1 family"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "~250 m is labeled maximum representable range, not target-detection range.",
      "editorialLimit": "Do not attach the OS1 Max 200 m at 10% target claim to this OS1 record, and do not reuse Rev7 point-rate or frame-rate values.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Ouster OS sensor overview",
        "url": "https://ouster.com/os-overview",
        "location": "Rev8 OS1 specification table",
        "revision": "Rev8 / OS1-080-xxx"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-hesai-xt32",
      "componentId": "cmp-hesai-xt32",
      "componentSlug": "hesai-xt32",
      "manufacturer": "Hesai",
      "model": "XT32",
      "hardwareBoundary": "XT32 32-channel row inside the XT32M/32/16 family",
      "rangeSummary": "80 m @ 10% with PoD >90%; 0.05–120 m is the separate instrumented range",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "xt32-10-pod90",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 80,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": null,
          "detectionCriterion": "Probability of detection >90%",
          "configuration": "XT32 32-channel variant"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "The 0.05–120 m instrumented range is not a guarantee of 10%-target detection at 120 m.",
      "editorialLimit": "The selected product page does not publish an ambient-light value beside the 80 m / 10% / PoD result.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Hesai XT16/32/32M product page",
        "url": "https://www.hesaitech.com/product/xt16-32-32m/",
        "location": "XT32 specification row and Higher Resolution, Further Range section"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-livox-avia",
      "componentId": "cmp-livox-avia",
      "componentSlug": "livox-avia",
      "manufacturer": "Livox",
      "model": "Avia",
      "hardwareBoundary": "Avia; published 0 klx and 100 klx detection tables",
      "rangeSummary": "190/230/320 m at 100 klx and 190/260/450 m at 0 klx for 10/20/80% targets",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "avia-10-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 190,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        },
        {
          "id": "avia-20-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 230,
          "reflectivityPercent": 20,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        },
        {
          "id": "avia-80-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 320,
          "reflectivityPercent": 80,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        },
        {
          "id": "avia-10-0",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 190,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": 0,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        },
        {
          "id": "avia-20-0",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 260,
          "reflectivityPercent": 20,
          "ambientLightKlx": 0,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        },
        {
          "id": "avia-80-0",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 450,
          "reflectivityPercent": 80,
          "ambientLightKlx": 0,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        }
      ],
      "withinModelContrast": "1.68× at 100 klx and 2.37× at 0 klx (80% / 10%); the 80% target reaches 1.41× farther at 0 klx than at 100 klx",
      "editorialLimit": "Return mode changes point rate, and the published range table does not make all scan patterns or targets equivalent.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Livox Avia specifications",
        "url": "https://www.livoxtech.com/avia/specs",
        "location": "Basic Specs and numbered notes"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-ouster-os0-rev8",
      "componentId": "cmp-ouster-os0",
      "componentSlug": "ouster-os0",
      "manufacturer": "Ouster",
      "model": "OS0 Rev8",
      "hardwareBoundary": "Rev8 OS0-080-xxx family",
      "rangeSummary": "35 m at a 10% target; ~250 m maximum representable range is a separate boundary",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "os0-rev8-10",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 35,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": null,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the overview value",
          "configuration": "Rev8 OS0 family"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "~250 m is labeled maximum representable range, not target-detection range.",
      "editorialLimit": "Channel count, beam configuration, frame mode and temperature state all remain material; zero minimum range is not zero-error range.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Ouster OS sensor overview",
        "url": "https://ouster.com/os-overview",
        "location": "Rev8 OS0 specification table",
        "revision": "Rev8 / OS0-080-xxx"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-livox-mid-70",
      "componentId": "cmp-livox-mid-70",
      "componentSlug": "livox-mid-70",
      "manufacturer": "Livox",
      "model": "Mid-70",
      "hardwareBoundary": "Mid-70; 100 klx detection table",
      "rangeSummary": "90/130/260 m for 10/20/80% targets at 100 klx",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "mid70-10-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 90,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        },
        {
          "id": "mid70-20-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 130,
          "reflectivityPercent": 20,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        },
        {
          "id": "mid70-80-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 260,
          "reflectivityPercent": 80,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the range table"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "The 0.05 m minimum range does not imply full published precision at that distance.",
      "withinModelContrast": "2.89× at 100 klx (80% target distance divided by 10% target distance)",
      "editorialLimit": "The independent Mid-70 registration result in RCI is a sensor-plus-algorithm metric and is not substituted for these manufacturer detection distances.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Livox Mid-70 specifications",
        "url": "https://www.livoxtech.com/mid-70/specs",
        "location": "Basic Specs and numbered notes"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-ouster-os2-rev7",
      "componentId": "cmp-ouster-os2",
      "componentSlug": "ouster-os2",
      "manufacturer": "Ouster",
      "model": "OS2 Rev7",
      "hardwareBoundary": "Rev7 OS2; 32/64/128-channel family",
      "rangeSummary": "200 m at a 10% target; 404 m typical / 381 m minimum maximum representable range is firmware- and mode-bounded",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "os2-rev7-10",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 200,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": null,
          "detectionCriterion": "Not published beside the overview value",
          "configuration": "Rev7 OS2 family"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "404 m typical / 381 m minimum maximum representable range at 0.25×, 0.5× or 1× signal multiplier on firmware 2.5.x; returns beyond the boundary may alias.",
      "editorialLimit": "Representable range is not target detection, and signal multiplier, horizontal resolution and frame rate alter the operating boundary.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Ouster Rev7 OS sensor overview",
        "url": "https://ouster.com/rev-7",
        "location": "OS2 performance summary",
        "revision": "Rev7"
      },
      "boundarySource": {
        "title": "Ouster Sensor Operations",
        "url": "https://docs.ouster.com/sensor-docs/image_route1/image_route3/sensor_operations/sensor-operations.html",
        "location": "Maximum Representation Range For Rev6/Rev7 OS2 (FW v2.5.x)",
        "revision": "Firmware 2.5.x"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-hesai-qt128",
      "componentId": "cmp-hesai-qt128",
      "componentSlug": "hesai-qt128",
      "manufacturer": "Hesai",
      "model": "QT128C2X",
      "hardwareBoundary": "QT128C2X, Q03 manual dated 2026-04-10",
      "rangeSummary": "20 m for channels 9–120; 15 m for outer channels — 10% target, 0–100 klx, PoD >90%",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "qt128-middle-10",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 20,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": "0–100",
          "detectionCriterion": "Normal incidence; PoD >90%; FAR <10E-5",
          "channelScope": "Channels 9–120"
        },
        {
          "id": "qt128-outer-10",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 15,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": "0–100",
          "detectionCriterion": "Normal incidence; PoD >90%; FAR <10E-5",
          "channelScope": "Channels 1–8 and 121–128"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "The 0.05–50 m instrumented range is not the 10%-target detection result.",
      "editorialLimit": "The current product page and current manual disagree on both single-return point rate and mass; those conflicts remain separate C-state claims.",
      "source": {
        "title": "Hesai QT128C2X User Manual",
        "url": "https://www.hesaitech.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/QT128C2X_User_manual_Q03-en-260410.pdf",
        "location": "Section 1.5 notes and Appendix A",
        "revision": "Q03 / 2026-04-10"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    },
    {
      "id": "lidar-range-sick-multiscan136",
      "componentId": "cmp-sick-multiscan136-1140133",
      "componentSlug": "sick-multiscan136-1140133",
      "manufacturer": "SICK",
      "model": "MULS1AA-112211 multiScan136",
      "hardwareBoundary": "Exact ordering code 1140133",
      "rangeSummary": "10/12 m at 10% and 15/30 m at 90%, crossed with 100/10 klx",
      "observations": [
        {
          "id": "multiscan-10-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 10,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Detection probability >99%"
        },
        {
          "id": "multiscan-10-10",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 12,
          "reflectivityPercent": 10,
          "ambientLightKlx": 10,
          "detectionCriterion": "Detection probability >99%"
        },
        {
          "id": "multiscan-90-100",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 15,
          "reflectivityPercent": 90,
          "ambientLightKlx": 100,
          "detectionCriterion": "Detection probability >99%"
        },
        {
          "id": "multiscan-90-10",
          "rangeType": "target-qualified detection",
          "distanceM": 30,
          "reflectivityPercent": 90,
          "ambientLightKlx": 10,
          "detectionCriterion": "Detection probability >99%"
        }
      ],
      "nonDetectionBoundary": "The 0.05–60 m working range is not equivalent to the reflectivity-qualified scanning range.",
      "withinModelContrast": "1.50× at 100 klx and 2.50× at 10 klx (90% / 10%); the 90% target reaches 2.00× farther at 10 klx than at 100 klx",
      "editorialLimit": "The row applies to ordering code 1140133 and a >99% detection criterion; other multiScan100 variants must not inherit it automatically.",
      "source": {
        "title": "SICK MULS1AA-112211 multiScan136 Datasheet",
        "url": "https://www.sick.com/media/pdf/2/32/032/dataSheet_MULS1AA-112211-multiScan136_1140133_en.pdf",
        "location": "Detailed technical data, scanning range",
        "revision": "2026-05-08"
      },
      "verifiedDate": "2026-08-10"
    }
  ]
}